Common Errors in the Use of Nouns with Answers

Common Errors in the Use of Nouns 1.      I like fruits after meal. 2.      Either of the men were supposed to be present. 3.      One of the players are missing. 4.      The audiences are requested to be silent. 5.      It is a good weather. 6.      I love the poetries of Sarojini Naidu. 7.      He wears a spectacles. 8.      This trousers is loose. 9.      Politics are a dirty game. 10.  He killed some deers. 11.  Sheeps are very useful. 12.  I do not like vegetable. 13.  He has many grey hairs. 14.  The news have been conveyed to him. 15.  The sceneries of Kashmir are charming. 16.  Neither of the sisters are intelligent. 17.  I have packed my luggages. 18.  He runs a shop of furnitures. 19.  I have seen a flock of sheeps. 20.  Gurmeet bought two dozens eggs. 21.  Thousand of men took part in the strike. 22.  Radha is my cousin sister. 23.  Arun is one of my fast friend. 24.  Please give me a chalk. 25.  The climate of this city is always changing. 26.  He goes to college on feet. 27.  He gave an advice in this matter. 28.  There are no informations about him. 29.  The rich is not happy. 30.  Childrens like cartoon shows. 31.  Mother-in-laws are usually strict. 32.  There are three women-servants in our house. 33.  There are a pair of trousers on the peg. 34.  This premises is big. 35.  My trousers is tight. 36.  ‘Lives of the Poets’ are written by Pt. Nehru. 37.  The sister of Kiran is very intelligent

CORRECT SENTENCES:Common Errors in the Use of Nouns 1.      I like fruit after meal. 2.      Either of the men was supposed to be present. 3.      One of the players is missing. 4.      The audience is requested to be silent. 5.      It is a fine weather. 6.      I love the poetry of Sarojini Naidu. 7.      He wears spectacles. 8.      These trousers are loose. 9.      Politics is a dirty game. 10.  He killed some deer. 11.  Sheep are very useful. 12.  I do not like vegetables. 13.  He has much grey hair. 14.  The news has been conveyed to him. 15.  The scenery of Kashmir is charming. 16.  Neither of the sisters is intelligent. 17.  I have packed my luggage. 18.  He runs a shop of furniture. 19.  I have seen a flock of sheep. 20.  Gurmeet bought two dozen eggs. 21.  Thousands of men took part in the strike. 22.  Radha is my cousin. 23.  Arun is one of my fast friends. 24.  Please give me a piece of chalk. 25.  The weather of this city is always changing. 26.  He goes to college on foot. 27.  He gave a piece advice in this matter. 28.  There is no information about him. 29.  The rich are not happy. 30.  Children like cartoon shows. 31.  Mothers-in-law are usually strict. 32.  There are three woman-servants in our house. 33.  There is a pair of trousers on the peg. 34.  These premises are big. 35.  My trousers are tight. 36.  ‘Lives of the Poets’ is written by Pt. Nehru. 37.  Kiran’s sister is very intelligent

Understanding & Recognising helping & main verbs in sentences

Understanding & Recognising helping & main verbs in sentences

I.                    What are helping verbs & Main verbs?

When the verb phrase contains more than one verb, the first one is always a helping verb. See the following sentences.

1.      I do not like to watch movies.

2.      They are playing a friendly match.

3.      Work is being done by him.

4.      He has been waiting for me for two hours.

In the above sentences, the verb phrases are:

 do not like to watch

 are playing

 is being done

 has been waiting

So, the helping verbs are: do, are, is, has

All helping verbs are the FINITE FORM of the verb

List of HELPING OR AUXILIARY VERBS

A.                              

(i)                             Be-type Verbs:

Present Form: is/am/are

Past Form: was/were

(ii)                           Have-type Verbs:

Present Form: has/have

Past Form: had

(iii)                         Do-type Verbs:

Present Form: do/does

Past Form: did

B.                              Modal Auxiliary Verbs:

Can, could, may, might, will, shall, would, should, ought (to), must, used (to), dare, need,

II.                  What is the function of helping verbs?

They tell us about the ‘tense’ of the sentence.

Bu modal verbs/modal auxiliary verbs show the likelihood, ability, permission and obligation, necessity, lack of necessity, etc.

III.                What is the Main Verb?

The main verb is the non-finite form of the verb in a sentence.

It tells us about the action being done by the subject.

See the following sentences again.

1.      I do not like to watch movies.

2.      They are playing a friendly match.

3.      Work is being done by him.

4.      He has been waiting for me for two hours

In the above sentences, the non-finite form of the verb is:

like, playing,  being done, been playing

Exercise 1.

Underline the auxiliary/ modal auxiliary verbs in the following sentences.

1.      We are all working together to flourish this institution.

2.      They call him Ronie.

3.      Have you not phoned to your father yet?

4.      What are you doing here?

5.      Who is knocking at the door?

6.      May I have your pen, please?

7.      You should do hard work if you want to succeed with high score of marks.

8.      Difficult work always attracts me.

9.      She has been doing this job for the last four months.

10.  Slow and steady wins the race.

Exercise 2.

Underline the auxiliary/modal auxiliary verbs in the following sentences.

1.      Rohit does not obey his elders.

2.      Would you like to have a cup of tea?

3.      My way of life is different from that of yours.

4.       She does her every work in a systematic way.

5.      The storm came before time.

6.      Julie had not applied for the posts published in the newspapers.

7.      The boy who is sitting on the chair in the lawn is my cousin.

8.      Those who live in glass houses should not throw stone at others.

9.      Hard work never goes waste.

10.  I had already eaten my food when you reached home.

Read the following facts about sentences.

1.      Some sentences show ‘action.’

2.      Some sentences show ‘possession.’

3.      Some sentences show (i) state on mind (ii) relationship with others (iii) negative & positive points about any person, place, thing or idea (iv) occupations

a.      The first category of sentences may take both helping verbs or the main verb

(i)                             He goes to school daily.

(ii)                           He does not go to school daily.

(iii)                         She went to Chandigarh yesterday.

(iv)                          I am (helping verb) doing (main verb) my work. Do (helping verb) not disturb (main verb) me.

b.      The second category shows possession by the following verbs.

Has, have & had

Here these verbs are not helping verbs because they come in the sentences without any non-finite form of the verb. This is the reason why they are called PRIMARY VERBS.

1.      I have a big house to live in.

2.      She has a car and an active.

3.      They have many trees in their fields.

4.      We have three bed-room set in our house.

5.      His father had an old car, but now he has sold it.

In the above sentences, the underlined verbs are verbs showing possession.

c.       In the third category, the following verbs come alone and they are also called PRIMARY VERBS.

Is, am, are, was ,were

(i)                             Showing state of mind

o   I am very happy today.

o   She is very depressed.

(ii)                           Showing relationship with others

·         She is my cousin.

·         He is my brother.

(iii)                         negative & positive points about any person, place, thing or idea

·         He is very intelligent.

·         This idea is useless.

·         Your brother is very stubborn.

·         He was a very mean fellow.

·         She is very rash in taking decisions.

(iv)                         Showing occupations

·         His father is a businessman.

·         My mother is a teacher.

·         His grandfather was an engineer.

Spotting Errors: Tick-mark the part that has an error.

Spotting Errors: Tick-mark the part that has an error.

1.     She is not so intelligent (1) /that she thinks (2)/ herself to be (3)

2.    Hardly had the teacher (1) / come out of the class (2)    /than the students (3) /started talking loudly (3).

3.    He was watching TV (1)/ when a thief entered into (2)/ his house and (3) /stole jewellery and cash (4).

4.    Eating lunch (1) /he took his bag  (2) and rode motor-bike (3) to reach office.

5.     She behaves (1) / as if she was a queen( 2).

6.     Thousand of sparrows (1) / assemble on (2) /this tree daily (3) /in the evening (4).

7.    She is one of the (1) / most intelligent student (2) / of the class, yet (3) / she is not proud of it  (4)/.

8.    All boys have gone (1)  /to their houses because (2)/holidays have been announced all of a sudden (3).

9.    She has told me (1)/ that she would do it (2) as fastly as she could (3) and within a few days (4)I would get the result  (4).

10.                       Delhi is furher (1)  from Ambala (2) than it is (3) from Karnal (4). Answers:1. (2: instead of that, as will be used because this is the use of so....as ) 2. (3: Hardly.......when not than) 3. (2. entered is not followed by in) 4.(1. In stead of eating, use 'Having eaten'---a perfect participle) 5. (2. as if + subject + were not was with all subjects) 6. (1. thousands not thousand) 7. (2. one of the most intelligent students not student) 8.(1. all the boys) 9. (3. fast not fastly: fastly is not adverb) 10. (1. farther not further)

The Use of Pronouns:Why do we use pronouns?

The Use of Pronouns:                   

Why do we use pronouns?

Read the following sentences:

Monika gets up early in the morning. Monika, first of all, washes her face. Then Monika goes to a nearby park. Monika does jogging exercises….

The answer is clear if you have read the above sentences carefully.

You must have seen the repetition of the word Monika.

The repetition of the word Monika is odd in the above sentences. It is against the rules of grammar.

 This word ‘Monika’ is a noun and the word which should be used in its place is Pronoun ‘she’

Conclusion: When the speaker does not want to repeat the same name being used again and again, in that case, pronouns are used.

What is a Pronoun?

The words which are used in place of nouns are called pronouns.

There are eight kinds of pronouns:

1. Personal Pronouns: These pronouns are used in place of persons or things.

Examples: He, she, it, I, you, etc.

2. Demonstrative Pronouns: These pronouns are used to indicate towards the things or the persons. Examples: These are rotten mangoes. This is my friend, Amit.

3. Interrogative Pronouns:     These pronouns are used to make questions.

Examples: What, who , which, etc.

·      What do you want?

·      Whom do you want to meet?

4. Reflexive Pronouns: These are used to lay stress on the pronouns.

      Examples: myself, yourself, himself, etc.

·      I, myself, distributed all the invitation cards.

5. Possessive Pronouns: Such pronouns show possession.

Examples:   his,  hers, yours, mine, , theirs, etc. This book is mine.

6. Indefinite pronouns: These pronouns are used in place of nouns that are not definite or specific in number, for example, all, many, several, etc.

The following words are used as both indefinite pronouns and determiners.

These are: all, some, many, everyone, everybody, each, several, none, either, neither, anyone, nobody, etc. Examples: All were present in the meeting. (All= pronoun),

All the boys were present in the class. (all= determiner)

7. Relative Pronouns: These are the pronouns as well as conjunctions. They establish the relationship of a noun with the one preceding it.

  For example,

·      The boy who is wearing a red cap is Mr. Khanna’s son.

   Relation: The boy who (the boy) is wearing……………………………..

  The other relative pronouns are: which, whose, whom, that

Let us discuss all the pronouns one by one.

1. Personal Pronouns:

See the table below:

Pronouns	Used as a subject	Used as an object	Used as possessive	Reflexive form	Remarks
First Person	I (singular) We (plural)	me us	mine ours	myself ourselves	--------
Second Person Singular Plural	You    (singular) You (plural)	you you	yours  yours	yourself yourselves	---------
Third Person Singular	He She It They(plural)	him her Its them	his hers Its theirs	himself herself itself themselves	---------